Reprinted with permission from The Estrin Report: http://www.estrinlegaled.typepad.com
I recently came across this outstanding post written by Chere Estrin regarding paralegal certification vs. certificates. There sure seems to be a lot of confusion out there. I know I’ve certainly come across profiles on LinkedIn for individuals who claim to be “certified” paralegals, when in reality, what they earned was a paralegal certificate. There is a BIG difference between the two. Yes, big. This post delves head first into today’s topic. It’s great for newbies. And sanity-saving for the savvy paralegals among us. Give it a gander.
Here we go. One more time! I know I’ve written about this a few months back. However, the topic keeps coming up: certification vs. certificate. There is a difference and at some point, if you are declaring yourself “certified” when you only have a certificate, trouble is coming. Guaranteed.
A few weeks ago, a Bar Association contacted me to represent the Organization of Legal Professionals (OLP) on a panel regarding the merits of certification. “Who is going to be on the panel with me?” I asked. The Bar rep answered, “The “other” organization providing an eDiscovery certification exam and two training organizations.” I was unaware those two training organizations offered certification exams. I thought they offered certificate courses. Turns out they don’t offer certification exams. Even the Bar Association doesn’t know the difference. This is downright embarrassing – and dangerous.
Confusing whether you are certified or you have received a certificate from a course or program is a universal mistake. I don’t believe anyone or any organization is deliberately giving out the wrong information. I think of it as mass confusion with no undertaking to correct the situation. The problem is, whether inadvertently or not, you are misrepresenting yourself. For an industry that is based upon factual investigation, this speaks pretty poorly for the legal community.
Here’s the simple explanation: In order to be certified, you must take a rigorous exam from a non-biased third party, one that adheres to the best practices of the National Commission of Certifying Agencies (NCCA), generally in a separate facility, that demonstrates your skills, knowledge and experience. If you take a course and are handed a certificate, that is a certificate of completion or achievement. It means that you understand what went on in the course. It is in no way an indication that you are certified nor can you place credentials after your name – even if you took a final exam. That exam only assesses what you learned in the course.
A course teaches or trains you. A certification assesses your overall knowledge and skills. According to the National Commission of Certifying Agencies (NCCA), the absolute authority on certification exams:
- “In contrast to certification and licensure, an assessment-based certificate program is an educational or training program that is used to teach learning objectives and assess whether those objectives were achieved by the student.” [The assessment may be made via an exam as part of the course but does not signify certification.]
- A certification program is designed to test the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a particular job, and, upon successfully passing a certification exam, to represent a declaration of a particular individual’s professional competence.” National Commission of Certifying Agencies (NCCA)
In other words, take a course, even take a final exam that tests your knowledge of what you learned in the course and you are not certified. Take an official certification exam, pass it, and you are certified and can place credentials after your name.
The ABA does not certify any individual nor paralegal program. It approves a qualified paralegal program only. Here is what the ABA says in part regarding “certified” and “certificated” paralegals.
“It is important to distinguish between a paralegal certificate and certification. The terms are often confused. The terms are not interchangeable and have separate meaning. A certificate verifies that a student has successfully completed a paralegal educational program.
A certified paralegal is one that has successfully completed a certification exam or other requirements of the certifying organization. Certification is the process through which an organization grants formal recognition to an individual that meets certain established requirements. This may includemeeting educational requirements, prior work experience as a paralegal and passing an examination. Once the paralegal has met these criteria, they may use a special designation namely, “certified paralegal.”
NALA, the National Association for Legal Assistants, offers an excellent certification exam. To prepare one takes plenty of knowledge and bucks. OLP’s eDiscovery and Litigation Support Certification exams each took over 18 months, 27 subject matter experts, several Ph.D’s applying the science of psychometrics, surveys and beta testing. I’m quite sure NALA did the same.
If that doesn’t clear it up, here’s an excellent chart from the American Language and Speech Association.
| Certificate | Certification |
| Results from an educational process. | Results from an assessment process. |
| For both newcomers and experienced professionals alike. | Typically requires some amount of professional experience |
| Awarded by educational programs or institutions. | Awarded by a third party, standard-setting organization. |
| Indicates completion of a course or series of courses with specific focus; is different than a degree granting program. | Indicates mastery/competency as measured against a defensible set of standards, usually by application or exam. |
| Course content set a variety of ways (faculty committee; dean; instructor; occasionally through defensible analysis of topic area). | Standards set through a defensible, industry-wide process (job analysis/role delineation that results in an outline of required knowledge and skills). |
| Usually listed on a resume detailing education; may issues a document to hang on the wall. | Typically results in a designation to use after one’s name (C.P.H., C.H.E.S.); may result in a document to hang or keep in a wallet. |
| Is the end result; demonstrates knowledge of course content at the end of a set period in time. | Has on going requirements in order to maintain; holder must demonstrate he/she continues to meet requirements. C.E.U.’s are continuing education units. For example, RN’s and other allied health professionals are required to complete annual C.E.U.’s to keep their licensure. |
| Provides the basis and gateway for achieving a degree. | No relationship with attaining higher education or degree. |
The terms certification and credentials and designation are also often confused or used incorrectly.
- Credentials attest to someone’s knowledge or authority. Credentials can be a degree earned, e.g., M.P.H. and/or a list of published papers.
- Certification is a process that results in credentials.
- A designation simply refers to the letters someone uses after their name (M.D., Ph.D., C.P.A.).
Why am I on my high horse once again? Because:
a) Confusing the terms says you don’t know your career. How sad is that? You need to be able to represent yourself correctly. Saying you are certified when you received a certificate of completion or achievement after completing either a course or even a 3-day workshop is not only a misnomer, it could be construed as misrepresentation. Would a lawyer say he/she is a lawyer if they didn’t take the Bar exam?
b) Your firm has hired someone who may be claiming expertise beyond reality. Still a cause for termination as far as I know
c) Your firm has misrepresented to their client that you are credentialed when you are not. Here’s how that might go: Client loses case. Turns to firm and says, “You told me you had certified professionals. You don’t.” Law suit? The firm turns to you and says, “You represented that you were certified. You’re not.” Law suit? Termination? You turn to the organization who claimed you were certified after taking their program, seminar or course. You get the picture. Potential chaos just waiting to happen.
I have witnessed candidates losing job opportunities because employers realize the candidate knows nothing about their job. I have witnessed perfectly solid legal professionals otherwise embarrassing themselves by claiming they are certified when they are not. Even the organization that told you that you were “certified” may be confused. I don’t think anyone out there is doing it for any other reason than confusion. I wish I could say that I was such a great person that I’m good natured about this. I know I need a little work in this arena. I just keep thinking, “This is the legal field. Aren’t we are supposed to know the difference?”
Let me say it again. Take a program; a course; a 3-day seminar and get a certificate. You are not certified. This applies to paralegal programs, seminars, webinars, online courses and more. Take a genuine certification exam according to the best practices of NCCA, one that applies the science of psychometrics; is fair and non-biased, generally given in a secured facility; sometimes proctored; and with legitimate credentials based on knowledge, skills and experience. You have probably just gotten certified.
Why is this so important? Because the legal field should not be so confused. Not only is it humiliating, more importantly it is a clear statement we’re not doing our research. What else are we missing? Sure, we all make mistakes. However, what on earth does that say to clients? Let’s pull together and turn this around. It’s the right thing to do.
_____
Ahh, We’re feeling better already. You? Don’t answer that. Just hit that caffeine cup like you mean business, shuffle those papers, and take yet another lap around that carpeted track of glory!
Go get ’em.
The Paralegal Society™ 
A search in LinkedIn reveals the misconception as people use “certified” in their headline.
I will boast about the paralegal program that I completed through the University of Oklahoma Law Center. Our instructors made quite clear to us the difference between certificate and certification. Unfortunately, I’ve had a number of paralegals try to convince me that I am certified, when I know that I am not. I always take the opportunity to educate them as you have done so eloquently here.
Thanks to both Jamie and Chere for this article. I plan to share with my students. This is an explanation I’ve given countless times. Even more disturbing is that there is some “organization” out there that, for a fee, will look at a transcript and declare that person “certified”. Keep fighting the fight, all!
One of our process servers has a paralegal certificate and represents that not only is she certified but that she has also attended law school (because the courses she took relate to law). I have tried to explain the difference but she does not comprehend the difference. She even groups me in with her as I have a BA in Paralegal Studies. I’m hoping that once I take/pass the CP Exam this year I will be able to show her the difference.
Unfortunately, there are unscrupulous recruiters out there who tell candidates who have completed a certificate program to list themselves as being certified on their resumes. I’ve been told this by numerous young(er) paralegals, in various areas of the country, when I’ve questioned their use of “certified” vs. “certificated.” I don’t know how many times I’ve explained the difference between having earned a certificate and being certified – more than I care to keep track of, sad to say. I agree with Chere that it is truly a sad commentary on the legal profession that so many, including lawyers and bar associations, do not understand the difference.
My question is, with all the new state certification credential programs popping up out there, most of which do not have an exam component, are those paralegals truly certified? They may have to meet educational and experiential requirements, but if there’s no assessment process (i.e. exam), these “credentials” don’t meet the definition of certified, either. Just having someone exam your education and experience is not enough, IMHO, to prove mastery or competence and confer the credential.
What a great article for someone like me, who is just beginning paralegal education. I am attending community college to earn my AAS in paralegal studies. I realize (now) that this is not certification, but how does an Associate’s degree compare to a certificate?
Hi Jeffrey,
Since no one has responded to your question yet, I’m dropping my two-cents in response. Degree programs, whether AA, BA, MA, or MS in legal or paralegal studies typically include academic study outside the legal field. For example, a student in an AA or BA degree program would take English, math, history, etc., along with classes in legal or paralegal studies; a student in an MA or MS degree program would like take research and statistics, and in some programs write a master’s thesis, along with classes in legal or paralegal students. Certificate programs, on the other hand, typically do not include those academic courses and do not result in a degree. A student in a certificate program would likely take only classes pertaining to legal or paralegal studies. Many (but not all) certificate programs require that a person already have a degree before enrolling in the program, so it makes sense that the certificate program would not include the academic courses.
When it comes to representing yourself to others, which is this issue this article addresses, a person who has degree in legal or paralegal studies would represent him- or herself in that manner. For example, when you’ve completed your associate degree, you can legitimately tell people, “I have an associate’s degree in paralegal studies.” For me, I earned a BA in politics and later earned a paralegal certificate. So I told people, “I have a BA in politics and a paralegal certificate.” After I’d been a paralegal for decade or so, I made the investment in myself and my career to become certified through NALA (the National Association of Legal Assistants). So now, I tell people, “I’m a certified paralegal.” NALA owns the right to grant those it certifies the use of the designation “CP” for certified paralegal or “CLA” for certified legal assistant. I opted for the CLA designation because in my state “legal assistant” is the term officially used, but in conversation most people use the term paralegal.
I would also add that, while earning a degree or a certificate is an essential part of pursuing a career as a paralegal, I believe taking the extra step of becoming certified is also important. Although certification is not required in my state, I think it makes a difference in how I feel about my abilities as well as my place in the legal community, and I think it positively affects the relationship I have with the attorneys with whom I work. Attorneys spend many years getting the education they need to qualify to sit for the bar exam, and the experience of sitting for that exam — for some, sitting for it more than once — can be grueling. So, when I tell them about my education and certification, and how I sat for a two-day exam that required extensive knowledge, critical thinking, and strong writing skills, many times they look at me differently. The certification exam and the bar exam are not the same, but they know that I know what it’s like to study hard, to have my intellectual abilities tested, to perform successfully under that kind of pressure, and to be dedicated to job and my profession so much that I willingly put myself through that — and that creates a lot of common ground between us.
So, I hope that answers your question, and I wish you much success in the future.
Shalyn
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Loving your blog. Some great advice here. Just shows how important it is to stay informed and current.